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In SHM, displacement, velocity, acceleration are sinusoidal, 90° out of phase.
Mass on an ideal spring undergoes SHM — period set by m and k.
For small swings, period depends on length and g — not mass or amplitude.
KE and PE swap but their sum stays constant; total energy ∝ A².
Damping shrinks amplitude; driving at natural frequency causes resonance.
When driving frequency matches the natural one, amplitude grows sharply.