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Quantized orbits and energy levels of hydrogen.
Protons, neutrons, mass number A, atomic number Z, isotopes.
Alpha, beta, and gamma emission with conservation rules.
Exponential decay; T₁/₂ = ln2/λ; activity A = λN.
Heavy-nucleus splitting; chain reaction and energy release.
Light-nucleus combination; stellar energy source.
Pure semiconductors vs doped n-type and p-type.
Formation of depletion region and built-in potential.
Three terminals, current relations, gains α and β.
Truth tables for the basic gates and basic Boolean identities.