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Wave speed on a string depends on tension and linear mass density.
Two overlapping waves' displacements add — constructive or destructive interference.
Path-difference fringes; β = λD/d.
Principal maxima at d sinθ = mλ; spectral resolution.
A string fixed at both ends supports a discrete set of resonant modes.
Transverse nature of light; unpolarized → polarized.
Einstein's equation hf = φ + KE_max and stopping potential.
Every particle has a wavelength λ = h/p.
Microscopic origin of current in terms of electron drift.
Linear V–I relation; resistance depends on geometry and resistivity.
Distinction between EMF and terminal voltage under load.
Current law (KCL) and voltage law (KVL) for circuit analysis.