افتح حساباً مجانياً لبدء المنهج كاملاً والدروس التفاعلية — يعمل Google أو رقم الهاتف المحمول.
Wave speed on a string depends on tension and linear mass density.
Sound is a compression-rarefaction wave; speed set by bulk modulus and density.
Two overlapping waves' displacements add — constructive or destructive interference.
A string fixed at both ends supports a discrete set of resonant modes.
Motion of source or observer shifts the apparent frequency.
Every point on a wavefront is a source of secondary wavelets.
Path-difference fringes; β = λD/d.
Position of minima a sinθ = mλ and central-maximum width.
Principal maxima at d sinθ = mλ; spectral resolution.
Transverse nature of light; unpolarized → polarized.
Intensity through a polarizer follows cos²θ.